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Here is an example of numerical simulation in a deep-water Munk waveguide. The acoustic field is initialised at 1km-depth by a 10Hz source pulse (5-cycle sine wave). The initial acoustic Mach number is 0.0035. The starting field displays a spatial distribution which is modulated by Gaussian envelopes in order to account for the angle limitation of the model. Figures 2.a and 2.b represent the spatial moving frame following the pulse respectively for linear and nonlinear acoustic propagation. The signal waveform at 1km-depth is also represented during propagation over 120km-range.

Fig. 2.a : Linear acoustic propagation in deep water (the nonlinear steepening term of the NPE is removed)


Fig. 2.b : Nonlinear acoustic propagation in deep water